As the United States entered World War I in 1917, the Hollywood film The Spirit of ‘76 seemed a perfect complement to the government’s massive anti-German propaganda campaign. Authorities were working overtime to galvanize patriotic sentiment, whip up hatred against “the Hun,” and suppress aberrant … 
history
traces of ‘woke’ in 20th-century U.S. history
In recent years, ‘woke’ has been appropriated as a slur. Originally denoting attentiveness to social discrimination and wrongs against marginalized groups, the term ‘woke’ has been co-opted to denounce such attentiveness as political correctness gone awry. Reactionary voices (Lilla, 2016) dismiss …
the continuity of adhocracy: formal practices of segregated schooling of immigrant students as a mirror for German migration politics
Introduction[1. This article is based on a collaborative work with Birgit zur Nieden, Çağrı Kahveci, Sophie Gross and Mareike Heller (see Karakayalı et al., 2017).]
Ever since the summer of 2015, an increasing number of school-age children and youth for whom school is mandatory have arrived in …
learning for life: from compulsory vaccination to vaccination education in 19th and 20th century germany
Immunity is a social matter: vaccinations never aim solely to protect the individual, instead they protect society as a whole. Vaccinations are also used as a tool to completely eradicate infectious diseases. Physicians consider this to be the concept of “herd immunity”. With a vaccination rate of …